An acid is a material that can release a proton or hydrogen ion. Hydrogen chloride in water solution ionizes and becomes hydrogen ions and chloride ions. a base, or alkali, is a material that can donate a hydroxide ion. Sodium hydroxide in water solution becomes sodium ions and hydroxide ions. Every ion dissociation that involves a hydrogen or hydroxide ion could be considered an acid- base reaction. Acids are electron pair acceptors and bases are electron pair donors. Each ionizable pair has a proton donor and a proton acceptor. Acids are paired with bases. One can accept a proton and the other can donate a proton. Each acid has a proton available and another part, called the conjugate base. When the acid ionizes, the hydrogen ion is the acid and the rest of the original acid is the conjugate base.
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